Medical malpractice guide

Medical Malpractice Claims in California

Medical malpractice is care that fell below the standard a reasonably careful provider would have met, and that caused harm a competent provider would have avoided. A bad outcome on its own is not malpractice; medicine carries risk even when everything is done right.

California malpractice claims have their own rules: expert testimony is almost always required, MICRA limits non-economic damages, notice must be given before suing, and the filing deadlines are shorter than for most injuries. This guide explains each and links to the detail.

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Do you have a malpractice case?

A case needs four things: a provider-patient relationship, care below the accepted standard, harm caused by that failure, and damages. The hardest element is usually causation: showing the harm came from the error rather than from the underlying illness.

Common types of malpractice

Most claims fall into a handful of patterns: a diagnosis that was missed or made too late, an error during surgery, a medication given in the wrong drug or dose, and injuries to a mother or baby during delivery. Each pattern has its own evidence and its own causation argument.

How malpractice is proven

The standard of care is established by expert testimony from a qualified provider in the same field, who explains what should have happened and how the care departed from it. Another expert then usually has to explain how that departure caused the harm.

Corrective treatment and the medical story

The care that followed the error, including corrective surgery, extra hospital days and ongoing treatment, is both part of the damages and part of the proof. A clear chronology of what happened, when, and who was involved is the foundation an expert reviews.

Who pays

Physicians carry professional liability insurance, and hospitals are insured or self-insured. Malpractice insurers defend claims vigorously and review records in detail, and many cases are resolved only after expert reports are exchanged.

Records and evidence

You have a right to your medical records, and requesting the complete chart, including imaging, nursing notes and medication administration records, is usually the first practical step. Keeping your own dated notes of conversations with providers helps fill in what the chart leaves out.

What affects the value of a malpractice claim

MICRA caps non-economic damages such as pain and suffering. Since January 1, 2023 the cap has risen each year from $350,000 toward $750,000 for injury cases and from $500,000 toward $1,000,000 for death cases. Economic damages, including medical costs, lost earnings and future care, are not capped and are often the larger part of a serious claim.

The filing deadline

A California malpractice claim generally must be filed within one year of discovering the injury, and no later than three years from the injury itself, with narrow exceptions. A 90-day notice of intent to sue is required before filing. Claims against public hospitals usually need a six-month written claim.

Medical Malpractice near you

Local guides cover the courts, roads and agencies that matter in each city, alongside the statewide rules above.

Common questions

Is a bad outcome the same as malpractice?

No. A claim requires care below the accepted standard that caused harm a competent provider would have avoided. Complications happen even with good care.

Does MICRA limit all damages?

No. MICRA caps only non-economic damages such as pain and suffering. Medical costs, lost earnings and future care are not capped.

How long do I have to file?

Generally one year from discovering the injury and no more than three years from the injury, with a 90-day notice required before suit. The rules are strict and worth checking early.

Do I need an expert?

Almost always. The standard of care and causation are established through expert testimony from a qualified provider.

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ClearCaseIQ is not a law firm, and this guide is general information rather than legal advice. A licensed California attorney can review the facts particular to you.

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